4Q pesher nahum has long been considered one of the most important qumran texts for understanding the historical context of the scrolls. Doudna s comprehensive critical edition presents new readings and undertakes extensive analysis and reconstruction of broken text. Areas of focus include text-critical implications scribal practices and formal and composition patterns common throughout the qumran pesharim. An outcome of this work sure to attract attention is its demonstration that the mysterious lion of wrath figure of the text is not the hasmonaean king alexander jannaeus as almost universally held. Rather pesher nahum portrays a coming conquest from the kittim and the lion of wrath is a nebuchadnezzar-like foreign invader coming to deliver the wrath of god on a sinful israel. There is also an appendix: was hyrcanus ii the teacher of righteousness and were the scrolls deposited in the caves near qumran in 40 bce
